Contractors: Twaits, Morrison & Knudson Co., L.A., CA & Boise, ID (200 units) Smith, Hoffman & Wright Co., Portland, OR (616 units) ~~~~ Twaits, Morrison & Knudsen built 100 "A" houses and 190 "B" houses at a contract price of $2,272,273.08. Ford J. Twaits Company consisting of limited partners of Ford J. Twaits, Edna M. Twaits and Jane E. Twaits with offices in Los Angles, CA, and Morrison & Knudsen a corporation of Boise, ID. Ford J. Twaits Company and Morrison & Knudsen Company are both listed in Dunn and Bradstreet. 308 "A" houses and 330 "B" houses were built by Smith, Hoffman & Wright Co. It is believed that this company was formed only for the construction of houses and buildings on the Hanford Project. It is believed that Mr. F. M. Cocrene, Project Manager for the Hoffman Construction Co. that has several contracts on the Project at the present time, was a masonary and concrete superintendent under the Smith, Hoffman & Wright Contract in 1944. The Smith, Hoffman & Wright contract dated August 4, 1943 was for an estimated contract price of $7,559,995.20 and consisted of the building of houses, warehouse building, dormitories, theatre building, fire pump house and dewage treatment plant. Additional work was added to this contract until the total contract price amounted to $17,096,861.36. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Narrative from the General Building Plans [November, 1943] The "A" house is a two-story duplex residence, housing two families. Its two units each have three bedrooms. Each family unit is identical, the house being symmetrical about the central axis, except that the left hand unit is always the reverse in plan of the right hand unit. This arrangements creates only one party wall and provides each unit with three outside walls, so that cross ventilation is possible in practically all rooms of the house. In a desert-like country this is an important comfort factor. During the hottest weather, there is usually a gentle wind from the west and southwest and, since the nights are reasonably cool, window ventilation is highly desireable. This fact was partly responsible for the selection of the duplex as a basic unit. The row-type dwelling so common in defense housing, although appropriate for smaller units and having the advantage of lower original cost per unit, seemed unsuitable for the larger units in this development. Also, such houses are difficult to plan without inner rooms, spaces poorly lighted, and inadequate natural ventilation. In an area with considerable temperature extremes, not only seasonal but sometimes from day to night, the comfort of the worker has a marked effect upon his efficiency. Moreover, there would undoubtedly be a psychological hazard in a too-cramped plan. Although city dwellers are confined to narrow lots and restricted views, these are an accepted part of their environment. In the desert, where space is the key characteristic of the view, a cramped village of cramped houses would be out of character a palpable and conscious discord. The form of this duplex is... box-like, but the designs on the outside, which are basically colonial (in proportion), make a dignified dwelling. Together with other types of units in the blocks, there is no effect of monotony. Inside, there is adequate living space for a family of four to six people, depending upon their ages and sexes. The living room, almost 13' x 23', is ample by any modest standards. The dining room is of the alcove type, and while not large, can expand on occasion into the living room. The kitchen is adequate, having floor space for two or three people to work at one time, and the basement is sufficiently large for drying laundry in inclement weather and for storing trunks and other miscellaneous equipment. Upstairs, the second story accommodates three bedrooms and a bath adequately. All bedrooms are ample for double beds and additional furniture; all have good light and good ventilation. The sizes of all rooms are better than minimum standards, yet the total arrangement forms a compact unit in volume (a material factor in expense), without extra external or re-entrant angles, which is also a point in favor of economy. In appointments, the "A" house is adequate without oozing luxurious. Extra toilets on the first floor, breakfast rooms, and similar additions are omitted. The floors, walls, and built-ins are neat and pleasant; the floors of most rooms are natural stained woods, with the kitchen and bathroom floors linoleum. Walls and trim are painted. Each bedroom is provided with closets which will store a quantity of clothes, and in addition to a linen closet upstairs, there is a coat closet on the first floor. The kitchen has a built-in flush sink, cabinets with linoleum work tops. There are five upper cabinets for dishes and supplies, five lower cabinets for pots, pans, and more supplies, six drawers and a cutting board underneath the work shelf, two bin- drawers on rollers, an enclosed space beneath the sink, and a small full-length broom closet. Provided also are an electric refrigerator and an electric stove. The bathroom has a tub with shower, a lavatory with medicine cabinet, and a water closet. Although these appointments are not luxurious, there are all sanitary and neat, and conform to the critical material restrictions of the War Production Board.